杜鹃花（学名：Rhododendron simsii Planch.），又称山踯躅、山石榴、映山红，系杜鹃花科杜鹃花属常绿、落叶或半落叶灌木或乔木，市场上经常见的为常绿灌木。植株无毛或被各式毛被或被鳞片。叶常绿或落叶、半落叶，互生，全缘，稀有不明显的小齿。
Rhododendron simsii Planch, Also known as mountain Rhododendron, mountain pomegranate and YINGSHANHONG, it is an evergreen, deciduous or semi deciduous shrub or tree of Rhododendron of Rhododendron family. It is often seen in the market as evergreen shrub. Plants glabrous or covered with various hairs or scales. Leaves evergreen or deciduous or semi deciduous, alternate, entire, rare and inconspicuous denticles.
花芽被多数形态大小有变异的芽鳞。花的颜色有红、紫、黄、白、粉、蓝等色，形小至大，通常排列成伞形总、状或短总状花序，稀单花，通常顶生，少有腋生；种子多数，细小，纺锤形，具膜质薄翅，或种子两端有明显或不明显的鳍状翅，或无翅但两端具狭长或尾状附属物。自然花期3-5月，果期6-8月。
Most flower bud scales with variable shape and size. The flowers are red, purple, yellow, white, pink, blue and other colors, small to large in shape, usually arranged into umbrella shaped or short racemes, with sparse and single flowers, usually terminal and rarely axillary; Seeds are numerous, small, spindle shaped, with membranous thin wings, or there are obvious or inconspicuous fin wings at both ends of the seeds, or there are no wings, but there are narrow or tail like appendages at both ends. The natural flowering period is from March to May and the fruiting period is from June to August.