绿化苗木施工的“5大误区”

The "5 misunderstandings" of the construction of green seedlings

通过近几年走访各个施工单位和养护现场，发现部分树木缓苗期长或者栽植后没多久死亡，原来和我们绿化施工过程中的细节有关，现把这些误区分享给大家，仅作参考：

Through visits to various construction units and maintenance sites in recent years, some trees have been found to be slow to grow or die soon after planting. They are related to the details of the construction process.

1、雨天栽植

1. Planting in rainy days

绿化施工人员为抢时，抓进度，头顶大雨栽植苗木，这种行为似乎可以减少浇水这一环节，实则这种行为不可取，这样栽植根部被糊状泥土埋压，通透性极差，不利于苗木的成活生长。

Greening construction personnel for the time to grab, grasp the progress, heavy rain planting seedlings, this behavior seems to be able to reduce water this link, in fact, this behavior is not advisable, so planting roots are buried under the mud, poor permeability, not conducive to the survival of seedlings growth.

2、带袋栽植

2. Bag planting

绿化施工人员为了省工常将苗木连同营养袋(或者遮阴网、草绳等）一同埋入土中，这种省工的行为虽然能保证苗木栽后短时间内的成活，但由于营养袋较难腐烂，限制了苗木根系四周生长，从而易形成“老小株”苗；同样草绳经长时间腐烂后对土壤的理化性状会造成一定的破坏。建议对袋苗必须先除去营养袋后再栽植为宜。

In order to save labor, the greening workers often bury the seedlings together with the nutrition bag (or the shade net and the straw rope) together. This kind of labor-saving behavior can guarantee the survival of the seedlings in a short time, but because the nutrition bags are difficult to rot, the growth of the roots of the seedlings is restricted, and the "old and small plant" seedlings are easily formed; the same grass rope is also formed. After long rotting, the physical and chemical properties of soil will be destroyed. It is suggested that bag seedlings must be removed first and then planted.

3、垃圾土上栽植

3. Planting on waste soil

绿化施工人员开穴栽苗时，对穴内的垃圾诸如塑料袋、石灰渣、砖块等不予清除，将苗木直接栽植，苗木在这种恶劣的小环境中成活率无疑极低。建议在开挖穴时遇到建筑垃圾或生活垃圾等杂物时，一定要清理彻底然后再栽植，确保建植绿地的质量。

When the greening workers open the seedlings, they do not clean the garbage in the hole, such as plastic bags, lime slag, brick and so on. The seedlings will be planted directly, and the survival rate of the seedlings in this bad small environment is very low. It is suggested that when construction waste or domestic refuse are encountered during excavation, it is necessary to clean up thoroughly before planting, so as to ensure the quality of green space.

4、栽植过深或过浅

4. Planting too deep or too shallow

绿化施工人员易忽视苗木土球的大小和苗木根系的深浅而将苗木放入穴中覆土而成，这样对小苗和浅根系苗木易造成栽植过深埋没了根颈部，苗木生长极度困难，甚至因根部积水过多而窒息；对大苗木和深根性苗木易造成栽植过浅，根部易受冻害和日灼伤，风吹易倒伏等。建议要视苗木的大小和苗木根系的深浅来确定栽植深度，以苗木根颈部露于表土层为宜。

It is easy to ignore the size of the seedling and the depth of the root of the seedlings, and put the seedlings in the hole to cover the soil, so that the seedlings and the shallow roots are easily planted in the root and neck, the growth of the seedlings is extremely difficult and even the root is overaccumulated, and the seedlings and deep root seedlings are easy to be planted. Shallow, the roots are vulnerable to freezing injury and sunburn, wind prone to lodge. It is suggested that the planting depth should be determined according to the size of seedlings and the depth of seedling roots, so that the roots and necks of seedlings should be exposed to the topsoil.

5、未能及时浇透水

5. Failure to pour water in time

绿地栽植过程中遇到降雨或乌云压境时，施工人员常忽视了栽后浇水的环节，这极易因雨水里不够导致苗木缺水而死亡。建议待雨停后立即补浇透浇足。

In the process of planting green in the process of planting, the construction staff often neglect the link of watering after planting, which is very easy to die because the rain is not enough to cause the water shortage of the seedlings. It is suggested that after the rain stop, fill up the foot immediately.