园林工程包括水景、园路、假山、给排水、造地型、绿化栽植等多项内容，无论那一项工程，从设计到施工都要着眼于完工后的景观效果，营造良好的园林景观。由于园林工程有多项内容，在施工过程中往往由多个施工单位建造，因此，若在施工组织、施工配合、成本控制上出现问题则会影响施工进度，拖延工期，影响工程质量。因此，施工管理中应注意以下几方面问题。

Garden engineering including water landscape, garden road, rockery, water supply and drainage, stretched out the type, green plant and so on many contents, no matter that a project, from design to construction should focus on finished landscape effect, create a good landscape. Because there are many garden engineering content, often built by many construction units in construction process, therefore, if on the construction organization, construction coordination, cost control problems will affect the construction schedule, construction delay and affect the quality of the project. Therefore, the following aspects should be paid attention to problems in the construction management.


1.施工组织

1. The construction organization


园林工程既然包括了多个单项工程，在施工中往往涉及到各项园林工程项目的协调和配合，因此，在施工过程中要做到统一领导，各部门、各项目要协调一致，使工程建设能够顺利进行，这也就是常说的施工组织。根据园林工程的实际特点，园林工程的施工组织设计应包含以下几方面的内容：

Garden engineering since including multiple single items of projects, often involves in the construction of the garden project coordination and cooperation, therefore, in construction process to achieve unified leadership, each department, each project is coordinated, make project can run smoothly, it is often said that the organization of construction. According to the actual characteristics of garden engineering, landscape engineering construction organization design should include the following aspects of content:





在取得工程施工项目后，应按照设计要求做好工程概预算，为工程开工做好施工场地、施工材料、施工机械、施工队伍等方面的准备。根据对施工工期的要求，组织材料、施工设备、施工人员进入施工现场，计划好工程进度，保证能连续施工。

In the engineering construction project, should be in accordance with the requirements stated in the design engineering budget, construction site for the engineering construction, construction materials, construction machinery, construction team, etc. Organize materials according to the requirement of construction period, construction equipment, construction personnel to enter the construction site, plan project schedule, can ensure continuous construction.


施工组织机构及人员施工组织机构需明确工程分几个工程组完成，以及各工程组的所属关系及负责人。注意不要忽略养护组。人员安排要根据施工进度计划，按时间顺序安排。

Construction organization and personnel organization need to clear up some engineering team to complete engineering points, as well as the ownership and the head of the engineering team. Be careful not to ignore the maintenance group. Personnel arrangement according to the construction schedule, arranged in chronological order.


2.施工现场管理施工

2. Construction site management





现场管理是施工管理的重要组成部分，也是整个施工管理工作的基础。因此，施工现场管理水平的高低，直接影响园林工程的质量和企业的经济效益。长期以来，园林企业被戏称为“城市农民”，忽视经营管理，更不重视施工现场管理，因而企业管理较为落后，在一些工程项目施工中存在消耗高、浪费大、质量差、技术不求进步等问题。从施工现场管理来看，主要反映出施工组织计划性不强，操作不严格执行标准规范，规章制度形同虚设等问题。因此，劳动生产率低，生产力得不到较大增长，经济效益不高，工程质量不好，严重制约了企业的发展。

Site management is an important part of construction management, also is the basis of the construction management work. Therefore, the construction site management level of high and low, directly affect the quality of the landscape engineering and economic benefit of enterprise. For a long time, the botanical garden enterprise nicknamed "city farmers", ignore the operation and management, less attention to the construction site management, and enterprise management is relatively backward, in some engineering project construction high consumption, waste, poor quality and technology for progress. From the point of the construction site management, mainly reflects the construction organization planning is not strong, the operation is not strictly enforce standards, rules and regulations can be evaded. Therefore, labor productivity is low, productivity is not larger growth, economic efficiency is not high, engineering quality is bad, seriously restrict the development of enterprises.